Using the learning tools interoperability framework for LMS integration in service oriented architectures

The LMS plays an indisputable role in the majority of the eLearning environments. This eLearning system type is often used for presenting, solving and grading simple exercises. However, exercises from complex domains, such as computer programming, require heterogeneous systems such as evaluation engines, learning objects repositories and exercise resolution environments. The coordination of networks of such disparate systems is rather complex. This work presents a standard approach for the coordination of a network of eLearning systems supporting the resolution of exercises. The proposed approach use a pivot component embedded in the LMS with two roles: provide an exercise resolution environment and coordinate the communication between the LMS and other systems exposing their functions as web services. The integration of the pivot component with the LMS relies on the Learning Tools Interoperability. The validation of this approach is made through the integration of the component with LMSs from two vendors

Modelling non-trivial evaluation processes

Modelling non-trivial evaluation processe

Integration of e-learning systems with repositories of learning objects

This paper describes a communication model to integrate repositories of programming problems with other e-Learning software components. The motivation for this work comes from the EduJudge project that aims to connect an existing repository of programming problems to learning management systems. When trying to use the existing repositories of learning objects we realized that they are mainly specialized search engines and lack features for integration with other e-Learning systems. With this model we intend to clarify the main features of a programming problem repository, in order to enable the design and development of software components that use it. The two main points of this model are the definition of programming problems as learning objects and the definition of the core functions exposed by the repository. In both cases, this model follows the existing specifications of the IMS standard and proposes extensions to deal with the special requirements of automatic evaluation and grading of programming exercises. In the definition of programming problems as learning objects we introduced a new schema for meta-data. This schema is used to represent meta-data related to automatic evaluation that cannot be conveniently represented using the standard: the type of automatic evaluation; the requirements of the evaluation engine; or the roles of different assets - tests cases, program solutions, etc. In the definition of the core functions we used two different web services flavours - SOAP and REST - and described each function as an operation for each type of interface. We describe also the data types of the arguments of each operation. These data types consist mainly on learning objects and their identifications, but include also usage reports and queries using XQuery

CrimsonHex: um repositório de objectos de aprendizagem

Este artigo descreve o desenho e implementação de um repositório de problemas de programação denominado crimsonHex. A motivação para este trabalho surge do projecto EduJudge que tem como objectivo principal abrir o repositório de problemas de programação da Universidade de Valladolid (online-judge.uva.es) para utilizações pedagógicas no ensino secundário e superior. Este projecto integra um repositório de objectos de aprendizagem que será usado para gerir colecções de exercícios de programação e obter os exercícios adequados de acordo com um perfil de um determinado aluno. O artigo inicia com uma análise aos repositórios actuais. Seguidamente, apresenta-se a arquitectura conceptual do repositório, baseado na metáfora de um objecto de aprendizagem como um livro numa biblioteca, e cria-se uma definição de problemas de programação como objectos de aprendizagem. Posteriormente foca-se a sua arquitectura concreta, o seu modelo de comunicação e detalhes da sua implementação. O artigo termina com algumas considerações finais

Integration of repositories in Moodle

Current Learning Management Systems focus on the management of students, keeping track of their progress across all types of training activities. This type of systems lacks integration with other e-Learning systems. For instance, learning objects stored in a centralized repository are unavailable throughout an organization for potential reuse. In this paper we present the interoperability features of crimsonHex - a service oriented repository of learning objects - highlighting the use of XML languages. Its nteroperability features are compliant with the existing standards and we propose extensions to the IMS interoperability recommendation, adding new functions, formalizing an XML message interchange and providing also a REST interface. To validate the proposed extensions and its implementation in crimsonHex we designed two repository plugins for Moodle 2.0, the first of which is already implemented and is expected to be included in the next release of this popular learning management system

Programming exercises interoperability language

The concept of Learning Object (LO) is fundamental for producing, sharing and reusing content in eLearning. In essence a LO is a container with educational material and metadata describing it. Since most LOs just present content to students they contain documents in presentation formats such as HTML and PDF, along with metadata on these documents and the LO itself using generic standards such as LOM and SCORM. If the LO includes an exercise for automatic evaluation then a resource must formally described it. The Question and Tests Interoperability (QTI) is an example of standard for this kind of definitions that is supported by several eLearning systems. However, QTI was designed for questions with predefined answers and cannot be used for complex evaluation domains, such programming exercise evaluation

Orchestration of e-learning services for automatic evaluation of programming exercises

Managing programming exercises require several heterogeneous systems such as evaluation engines, learning objects repositories and exercise resolution environments. The coordination of networks of such disparate systems is rather complex. These tools would be too specific to incorporate in an e-Learning platform. Even if they could be provided as pluggable components, the burden of maintaining them would be prohibitive to institutions with few courses in those domains. This work presents a standard based approach for the coordination of a network of e-Learning systems participating on the automatic evaluation of programming exercises. The proposed approach uses a pivot component to orchestrate the interaction among all the systems using communication standards. This approach was validated through its effective use on classroom and we present some preliminary results

A programming exercise evaluation service for Mooshak

In this paper we describe the modelling and design phases of a web service to expose the evaluation functions of Mooshak - a contest management web system that is being used also as an eLearning tool for computer science courses. The purpose of exposing the evaluation functions of Mooshak as services is the integration with other systems that do not require its web interface. A Learning Management System (LMS) is an example of such systems. An LMS plugin can embed a program editor on its web interface and use such a service to evaluate students’ programs. A similar example is an Integrated Development Environment (IDE) with a plugin supporting direct submission to Mooshak